The Malay Monarchies in Constitutional and Social Conception

Abstract This article examines the constitutional nature of Malaysian monarchies in their social context. We discuss evolution through pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial history, account for survival despite several attempts to curb powers, including restriction royal assent sovereign immunity. It is argued that powers respond historical role embeddedness monarchies, stretching Rulers beyond Westminster norms as set out texts. Moving contemporary issues, we see assertion right uphold Constitution relation prime-ministerial appointments, acting on advice. Here, reflect a braiding both traditional elements norms.